KMID : 0848120090340020049
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International Journal of Oral Biology 2009 Volume.34 No. 2 p.49 ~ p.52
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Detection, modulation, and transmission of sweet taste in regulation for energy homeostasis
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Jyotaki Masafumi
Ninomiya Yuzo
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Abstract
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Perception of sweet compounds is important for animals to detect external carbohydrate source of calories and plays a crucial role in feeding behavior of animals. Recent progress in molecular genetic studies provides evidence for a candidate receptor (heterodimers with taste receptor type 1 member 2 and 3: T1R2/T1R3), and major downstream transduction molecules required for sweet taste signaling. Several studies demonstrated that the sweet taste signal can be modulated by a satiety hormone, leptin, through its receptors expressed in a subset of sweet-sensitive taste cells. Increase of internal energy storage in the adipose tissue leads to increase in the plasma leptin level which can reduce activities of sweet-sensitive cells. In human, thus, diurnal variation of plasma leptin level parallels variation of taste recognition thresholds for sweet compounds. This leptin modulation of sweet taste sensitivity may influence individuals¡¯ preference, ingestive behavior, and absorption of nutrients, thereby plays important roles in regulation of energy homeostasis.
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KEYWORD
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sweet taste, leptin, modulation, energy homeostasis
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